Red gummy bear inside a clear petri dish on a pink gradient background.

Snackable Science

Comprehensive nutrition designed for how you live. We selected every traceable ingredient for maximum efficacy so you get more glow with zero guesswork.

Two red gummy bears placed inside a clear glass petri dish on a pink surface.

Snackable Science

Every gummy includes fermented fruits & vegetables that act as a foundation to help your body more effectively absorb the other active ingredients in Glowbears®

THE SCIENCE

One of the key ingredients powering Glowbears is Fibriotics®. This is a blend 36 fermented fruits and vegetables that prepare your gut so the other active ingredients in our gummies can be absorbed more effectively.

The fermentation process

Diagram showing 36 fruits & vegetables undergoing a 4-stage, 8-week fermentation producing three bio-active compounds: Postbiotics & SCFA's for gut barrier and nutrient absorption, Polyphenols to break ingredients into bio-active forms, and FODMAP friendly fibres gentle on digestion.
Diagram explaining 36 fruits and vegetables undergo 4-stage, 8-week fermentation producing three bio-active compounds: 1. Postbiotics & SCFA's strengthen gut barrier for nutrient absorption, 2. Polyphenols break ingredients into bio-active forms, 3. FODMAP friendly fibers support digestion without bloating or cramping.

"Turning natural ingredients into bio-active powerhouses."

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Formulated by experts

Backed  by research

63+ Active ingredients

Formulated by experts

Backed  by research

63+ Active ingredients

Microbiome research

Maximizing nutrient
bio-availability

Most supplements measure success by how much is in the gummy. We measure it by how much reaches your bloodstream.

Our research-backed fermentation process breaks down 'anti-nutrients' - the natural barriers in plants that normally block mineral uptake - ensuring that your body gets the full benefit of every ingredient.

Diagram comparing blocked absorption versus nutrient bioavailability, showing fewer vitamins, minerals, and adaptogens on the left and more densely packed on the right.
Circle divided in half comparing blocked absorption with nutrient bioavailability of vitamins, minerals, and adaptogens represented by yellow, green, and brown circles respectively, with more concentrated nutrients on the nutrient bioavailable side.

1. "Microbial Fermentation in Food: Impact on Functional Properties and Nutritional Enhancement—A Review of Recent Developments” (2025) Read at ResearchGate

2. "Effect of fermentation on antinutrients, and total and extractable minerals of high and low phytate corn genotypes” (2012) https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4190255/

INFLAMMATION & DIGESTION RESEARCH

The stunning impact of fermented food

A groundbreaking study published in Cell unveiled remarkable outcomes associated with a diet, rich in fermented foods:

• Significant and consistent rise in overall microbial diversity among all participants
• Substantial decrease in the activation of immune cells linked to inflammatory diseases
• Significant reduction in 19 inflammatory blood markers
• Fibre without ferments found not to signiicantly improve diversity.

Box plot graph showing an increase in microbiome diversity over 14 weeks with phases Baseline, Ramp, Maintenance, and Choice on the x-axis and Shannon Diversity ranging from 3.0 to 4.5 on the y-axis.
Boxplot chart showing an increase in microbiome diversity over 14 weeks with time periods labeled Baseline, Ramp, Maintenance, and Choice.

"A diet rich in fermented foods leads to a significant and consistent rise in overall microbial diversity and a substantial decrease in inflammatory blood markers."
Cell, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.021

ADAPTOGEN & GUT RESEARCH

The "Stress-Gut" Loop

Most people treat stress in the head and gut issues in the stomach. We use adaptogens, including KSM 66 Ashwaganda, to bridge the two, protecting your gut lining from the physical damage caused by daily stress.

Cortisol Reduction

28%

KSM 66 Ashwaganda, (600mg)

Placebo

glowbears®

High-concentration Ashwagandha (KSM-66) is clinically shown to lower serum cortisol, the primary hormone responsible for "stress-induced leaks" in the gut barrier. Read: PubMed (Chandrasekhar et al., 2012)

Improvement in calm

44%

KSM 66 Ashwaganda, (600mg)

"By reducing perceived stress scores, adaptogens lower the "fight or flight" signals that disrupt normal digestive motility." PMC (Chandrasekhar et al., 2012)

Better sleep quality

72%

KSM 66 Ashwaganda, (600mg)

Placebo

glowbears®

Standardized extracts help restore the rest-and-digest cycle, which is essential for the gut's natural nighttime repair process. PubMed (Deshpande et al., 2020)

IN GOOD HANDS

Formulated by experts

Here at Glowbears, every ingredient, form, and formulation is obsessively researched by our in-house team of scientists and researchers.

Outline of a teddy bear shape filled with horizontal rainbow stripes and white polka dots.

Expert 1

Very very knowledgable.

Outline of a teddy bear shape filled with horizontal rainbow stripes and white polka dots.

Expert 2

Very very knowledgable.

Outline of a teddy bear shape filled with horizontal rainbow stripes and white polka dots.

Expert 3

Very very knowledgable.

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OTHER INGREDIENTS RESEARCH

Rooted in Science. Made for You.

All our Ingredients, Peer-Reviewed & Human-Approved

At Glowbears, we are obsessed with the "why" behind the "wow." While we make nutrition feel like a treat, we treat our research with total seriousness. Our team doesn't just settle for one-off formulas. We are constantly diving into clinical studies to see how bio-available ingredients actually fuel your daily glow.

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Rhodiala

The Effectiveness of Rhodiola rosea L. Preparations in Alleviating Various Aspects of Life-Stress Symptoms and Stress-Induced Conditions—Encouraging Clinical Evidence https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35745023/

Adaptogens
Manganese

The Role of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Inflammation Defense. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012, 387176. Miriyala, S., et al. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21977313/

Minerals
Tapioca Fibre

Glycemic response and satiety of resistant maltodextrin in healthy human subjects. Nutrients, 10(11), 1625. S. Livesey, et al. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32742646/

Soluble Fibre
Ashwagandha

KSM-66 Ashwagandha helps reduce stress and anxiety in adults by lowering serum cortisol levels. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 34(3), 255. Chandrasekhar, K., Kapoor, J., & Anishetty, S. (2012). https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.106022

Adaptogens
Acacia Fibre

Anti-inflammatory effects of acacia and guar gum in 5-amino salicylic acid formulations in experimental colitis. International Journal of Pharmaceutics X, 3, 100080.Jhundoo, H. D., Siefen, T., Liang, A., Schmidt, C., Lokhnauth, J., Moulari, B., Béduneau, A., Pellequer, Y., Larsen, C. C., & Lamprecht, A. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpx.2021.100080

Soluble Fibre
Molybdenum

Sulfite oxidizing enzymes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics, 1774(8), 1032-1048. Hille, R., et al. (2007). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1993547/

Minerals
Molybdenum

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency. StatPearls. Bayat, A, et al. (2024). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK575630/

Minerals
Vitamin B9 (Folate)

A Comparative Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Folate-Based B Vitamin Intervention on Cognitive Function. Nutrients, 16(15), 2535. Zhang, Y., et al. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39064642/

Vitamins
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)

Improvement of naturally aged skin with vitamin A (retinol) and effect of Vitamin E. Archives of Dermatology, 143(5), 606-612, Kafi, R., et al. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.143.5.606

Vitamins
Acacia Fibre

How much fibre should I have in my diet? Reference: nutrtion.org.uk

Soluble Fibre
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenate)

Effect of pantothenic acid and ascorbic acid supplementation on human skin wound healing process. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 65(6), 273-80. Vaxman, F., et al. (1995). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7781653/

Vitamins
L-theanine

L-theanine promotes relaxation and improves sleep quality without causing daytime drowsiness. Nutrients, 11(10), 2362. Hidese, S., et al. (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102362

Adaptogens
Fibriotics®

Effect of fermentation on antinutrients, and total and extractable minerals of high and low phytate corn genotypes” (2012) https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4190255/

Fermentation
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Supplementation with Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) for Migraine Prophylaxis in Adults and Children: A Review. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 85(1-2), 41-52. Namazi. N., et al. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000225

Vitamins
Acacia Fibre

The Effect of Gum Arabic (Acacia senegal) on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Adults at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 13(1), 194. Jarrar, A. H., Stojanovska, L., Apostolopoulos, V., Feehan, J., Bataineh, M. F., Ismail, L. C., & Dhaheri, A. S. A. (2021). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7826716/

Soluble Fibre
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)

Vitamin E in dermatology. Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 7(4), 311-315. Keen, M. A., & Hassan. I. (2016). https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5178.185494

Vitamins
Acacia Fibre

The lowering effect of Gum Arabic on hyperlipidemia in Sudanese patients. Frontiers in Physiology, 6. Mohamed, R. E., Gadour, M. O., & Adam, I. (2015). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00160

Soluble Fibre
Vitamin A (Retinol)

Skin Anti-Aging Effect of Oral Vitamin A Supplementation in Combination with Topical Retinoic Acid Treatment. Cosmetics, 10(5), 144. Boen, M, et al. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10050144

Vitamins
Chromium

Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 67(1), 48-53. Anderson, R. A. (2008). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18234131/

Minerals
Selenium

Selenium and Thyroid Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2017, 1297658. Ventura, M., et al. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1297658

Minerals
Selenium

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency. StatPearls. Bayat, A., et al. (2024). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK575630/

Minerals
Vitamin A (Retinol)

Improvement of naturally aged skin with vitamin A (retinol). Archives of Dermatology, 143(5), 606-612. Kafi, R, et al. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.143.5.606

Vitamins
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Impact of Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B2 Supplementation on Anxiety, Stress, and Sleep Quality. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 13(2), 353. Ebrahimi, M., et al. (2024). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40507089/

Vitamins
Fibriotics®

"Impact of Fermentation on the Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Whole Grain Foods: A Mini Review." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Adebo, O. A., & Medina-Meza, I. G. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32093014/

Fermentation
Fibriotics®

A diet rich in fermented foods leads to a significant and consistent rise in overall microbial diversity and a substantial decrease in inflammatory blood markers. Cell, 184(16), 4137–4153. Wastyk, H. C., Fragiadakis, G. K., Perelman, D., Dahan, D., Merrill, B. D., Yu, F. B., Topf, M., Gonzalez, C. G., Van Treuren, W., Genis, C., Wang, J., Nguyen, L. H., Sonnenburg, E. D., Gardner, C. D., & Sonnenburg, J. L. (2021). Cell

Fermentation
Ashwagandha

Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) in improving cardiorespiratory endurance in healthy athletic adults. Iyu, 3(1), 1–7. Choudhary, B., Shetty, A., & Langade, D. G. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26730141/

Adaptogens
L-theanine

L-theanine - The effects of L-theanine on attention and reaction time in response to stress. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(3), 171. Higashiyama, A, et al. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2011.03.009

Adaptogens
Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)

The effect of vitamin K2 supplementation on bone turnover biochemical markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 16, 1703116. Ma, M, et al. (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1703116

Vitamins
Rhodiala

Effects of Rhodiola Rosea Supplementation on Exercise and Sport: A Systematic Review Journal of Sport and Health Science, 11(1), 104. Lu, Y., et al. (2022). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9021834/

Adaptogens
Fibriotics®

"The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics." Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 18(9), 649-667 Paper

Fermentation
Astragalus

Anti-aging implications of Astragalus membranaceus and its role in telomerase activity and oxidative defense. Aging and Disease, 8(6), 868. Liu, P., et al. (2017). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41493245/

Adaptogens
Fermentation
Calcium

Calcium intake and bone mineral density: systematic review and meta-analysis. The BMJ, 351, h4183. Tai, V. et al. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h4183

Minerals
Astragalus

The immunomodulatory effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on white blood cell production and immune resilience. Frontiers in Natural Products, 1, 971679. Ma, X., et al. (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fntpr.2022.971679

Adaptogens
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenate)

Can the wound healing process be improved by vitamin supplementation? Experimental study on humans. European Surgical Research, 28(4), 306-14. Vaxman, F., et al. (1996). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8813656/

Vitamins
Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)

The biological responses of vitamin K2: A comprehensive review. Food & Function, 10(4), 2164-2175. Halder, M., et al. (2019). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39937345/

Vitamins
Fibriotics®

Microbial Fermentation in Food: Impact on Functional Properties and Nutritional Enhancement—A Review of Recent Developments (2025) Read at ResearchGate

Fermentation
Iodine

Iodine consumption and cognitive performance: Confirmation of adequate consumption. Food Science & Nutrition, 6(8), 2408-2417. Fareed, M., et al. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30258574/

Minerals
Copper

Using Copper to Improve the Well-Being of the Skin. Current Chemical Biology, 8(2), 89-102. Borkow, G. (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26361585/

Minerals
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

The effect of vitamin B6 on cognition. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (4), CD004393. Malouf. R., & Grimley Evans, J. (2003). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004393

Vitamins
Fibriotics®

"Effects of Regular Kefir Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Study." Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 42, 209-215 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31487797/

Fermentation
Zinc

Zinc therapy in dermatology: a review. Dermatology Research and Practice, 2014, 709152. Gupta, M., et al. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/709152

Minerals
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Vitamin B-6 supplementation in elderly men: effects on mood, memory, performance and mental effort. Psychopharmacology, 109(4), 489-96. Deijen, J. B., et al.. (1992). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1365868/

Vitamins
Potassium

Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses. The BMJ, 346, f1378. Aburto, N. J., et al. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f1378

Minerals
Vitamin B9 (Folate)

Effects of Supplementation with Folic Acid and Its Combinations with Other Nutrients on Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients, 13(9), 2966. Ma, F, et al. (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13092966

Vitamins
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

Ascorbic Acid Treatments as Effective and Safe Anti-Aging Therapies for Sensitive Skin. Antioxidants. 13(2), 174. Jarząb, A., et al. (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020174

Vitamins
Acacia Fibre

Acacia gum is well tolerated while increasing satiety and lowering peak blood glucose response in healthy human subjects. Nutrients, 13(2), 618. Larson, R., Nelson, C., Korczak, R., Willis, H., Erickson, J., Wang, Q., & Slavin, J. (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020618

Soluble Fibre
Manganese

The Manganese–Bone Connection: Investigating the Role of Manganese in Bone Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(13), 6894. Wang, X., et al. (2024). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11355939/

Minerals
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)

Vitamin B12 in Health and Disease. Nutrients, 2(3), 299-316. O'Leary, F, & Samman, S. (2010). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2030299

Vitamins
Magnesium

The Mechanisms of Magnesium in Sleep Disorders. Nature and Science of Sleep, 2025. Zhang, Y. et al. (2025). https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S552646

Minerals
Calcium

Calcium Supplementation- Efficacy and Safety. Medicina, 54(5), 72. Li, K., et al. (2018). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39937345/

Minerals
L-theanine

L-theanine and caffeine in combination improve cognitive performance and alertness. Biological Psychology, 77(2), 113. Owen, G. N., et al. (2008).  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21040626/

Adaptogens
Zinc

An Open-label Study Comparing Oral Zinc to Lymecycline in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 13(5), 28-32. Tolino, E., et al. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34188751/

Minerals
Copper

Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics, 4(2), 16. Schagen, S. K,. (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics4020016

Minerals
Ashwagandha

A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of Ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Cureus, 11(12), e6466. Salve, J., et al. (2019). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.6466

Adaptogens
Fibriotics®

"Postbiotics—A Step Beyond Prebiotics and Probiotics." Nutrients, 12(8), 2189 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/8/2189

Fermentation
Acacia Fibre

Acacia Gum is a Bifidogenic Dietary Fibre with High Digestive Tolerance in Healthy Humans. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 15(1), 43–50 - Cherbut, C., Michel, C., Raison, V., Kravtchenko, T., & Méance, S. (2003). -  https://doi.org/10.1080/08910600310014377

Soluble Fibre
Fibriotics®

(Poly)phenol-gut microbiota interactions and their impact on human health https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12147749/

Fermentation
Magnesium

The effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 17(12), 1161-1169. Abbasi, B., et al. (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23853635/

Minerals
Iron

Efficacy of iron supplementation on fatigue and physical capacity in non-anaemic iron-deficient adults. BMJ Open, 8(4), e019240. Houston, B. L., et al. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019240

Minerals
Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)

Vitamin B12 Intake and Status and Cognitive Function in Elderly People. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 97(4), 775-783. Doets, E. L., et al. (2013). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23221971/

Vitamins
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

Clinical effects of an oral supplement rich in antioxidants on skin radiance in women. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 9, 315-324. Dumoulin, M., et al.. (2016). https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S118920

Vitamins
Iodine

Iodine Intake and Related Cognitive Function Impairments in Elementary Schoolchildren. Biology, 11(10), 1507. Velasco, I.et al. (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11101507

Minerals
Rhodiala

Clinical trial of Rhodiola rosea L. extract SHR-5 in the treatment of mild to moderate depression https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17990195/

Adaptogens
Fibriotics®

Towards a personalized diet in systemic inflammatory diseases: the microbiome–diet connection. Gut, 70(9), 1721-1733. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41519109/

Fermentation
Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide)

Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatologic Surgery,. 31(7 Pt 2), 860-5. Bissett, D. L., et al. (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31732

Vitamins
Chromium

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2020, 6936304. Asbaghi, O., et al. (2020). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32395440/

Minerals
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Biotin for the treatment of brittle nails: a retrospective analysis. Cutis, 51(4), 303-305. Hochman, L. G, et al. (1993). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8477615/

Vitamins
Tapioca Fibre

Prebiotic effects of resistant starch on the gut microbiome and metabolic health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(21), 11706. H. Liu, et al. (2021). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9941547/

Soluble Fibre
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) and dementia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1367(1), 21-30, Gibson, G. E., et al. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13031

Vitamins
Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Biotin for Hair and Nail Regrowth: A Caution for Oncologists. JCO Oncology Practice, 2025. Desai, S, et al. (2025). https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/OP-25-00693

Vitamins
Astragalus

Astragalus membranaceus improves skin condition and elasticity by promoting collagen synthesis and protecting against photoaging. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 25(1), 9157. Jackson, S., et al. (2026). https://doi.org/10.36849/JDD.9157

Adaptogens
Tapioca Fibre

The effects of resistant maltodextrin on weight loss, insulin resistance, and inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes. International Journal of Health Sciences, 13(5), 5. G. Aliasgharzadeh, et al. (2019). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5434557/

Soluble Fibre
Iron

Efficacy of 8-week oral iron supplementation on fatigue and physical capacity in young women with iron deficiency anemia. Physiology & Behavior, 273, 114700. Harrabi, M. A., et al. (2025). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41100554/

Minerals
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Riboflavin and migraine: the bridge over troubled mitochondria. Neurological Sciences, 38(7), 1133-1141. Marashly, E, T., & Bohlega, S. A. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-014-1755-z

Vitamins
Potassium

Role of potassium in regulating blood flow and blood pressure. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 290(3), R546-52. Haddy, F J., et al. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00491.2005

Minerals